Construction machinery is an important part of the equipment industry. In a nutshell, the mechanical equipment necessary for the comprehensive mechanized construction engineering required for earthwork construction, road construction and maintenance, mobile lifting and unloading operations, and various construction projects is called construction machinery. Engineering Machinery,Construction Machinery,Automatic Engineering Machinery,Construction Drilling Machine Zhengzhou Dongfeng Mid-south Enterprise Co., Ltd. , https://www.cn-dfmtruck.com
In 2014, China's foreign trade situation has not only the rising cost of production factors, the weakening of traditional comparative advantages, but also the dire stagnation of the WTO's dividends. It also has a continuous improvement in the level of trade facilitation, rapid development of new trade methods such as cross-border e-commerce, and the country. Introduce a series of positive policies such as policies and measures to promote foreign trade development. Therefore, combined with the status quo of China's LED industry development, comprehensive judgment, the trade situation faced by China's LED lighting exports in 2014 slightly improved, both favorable and unfavorable factors.
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The export situation is becoming more and more complicated. In general, China’s foreign trade situation in 2014 has not only the rising cost of production factors, the weakening of traditional comparative advantages, but also the dire stagnation of the WTO’s dividends, and the increasing level of trade facilitation. The rapid development of new trade methods such as e-commerce and the positive aspects of the country's introduction of a series of policies and measures to promote foreign trade development.
The policy in the field of LED lighting is promising. In recent years, the elimination of incandescent lamps, coupled with the huge subsidies of the government, is undoubtedly a great market advantage for enterprises that export energy-saving lamps and LED lamps. After more than 30 years of development, China's LED industry has experienced the process of buying devices, buying chips, and buying epitaxial wafers. It has realized the independent production of epitaxial wafers and chips, and initially formed a relatively complete industrial chain, which has become the main source of LED products in the world. Ground. With the continuous expansion of the global LED promotion range, China's LED lighting exports will face unprecedented opportunities.
The penetration rate of the LED lighting market will increase significantly. According to estimates by global market research institutions, the LED lighting market has a value of 35.3 billion U.S. dollars in 2014, an increase of 47.8 compared with 2013. In 2014, the LED lighting penetration rate will also increase to 32.7. Moreover, in the LED lighting market, due to higher prices and other reasons. The penetration rate of the civilian market has been low, and with the improvement and transformation of LED lighting technology, its price has continued to move toward a sweet spot. According to foreign-funded UBS Securities, global LED lighting demand will increase by 60% in 2014, with the largest increase in household lighting, which will increase by 90% next year, much higher than commercial 37 and industrial 57, which is the most widely used. The penetration rate of bulbs and lamps is 20 and 15, respectively, and the high-profile LED lighting market has huge prospects.
Demand for LED lighting in emerging markets is heating up. According to CPbay's comprehensive data, LED lighting has rapidly penetrated in emerging markets such as Russia, India, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Africa due to the enhancement of environmental awareness and the government's promotion. These countries or regions have high investment in infrastructure, and LED lighting products. The demand is showing a clear upward trend, or it will become another highlight of the global LED market in 2014. In addition, China has bilateral trade agreements with ASEAN countries, and LED products exported to these countries can enjoy low tariffs or even zero tariffs; especially Russia needs a lot of LED lighting, and its local LED enterprises are few and the scale of enterprises is small. The technology is still relatively backward, and the demand for LED lamps is also large.
LED technical barriers to trade have become the biggest obstacle. As an important LED application base in the world, Europe and the United States are already ahead of other countries and regions in terms of LED standards. Highly demanding technologies and safety standards have been frequently used as trade protection measures by developed countries such as Europe, the United States and Japan. They have set harsh market access conditions for commodities through the formulation of technical regulations and safety standards, and have become the biggest obstacle to the export of LED lighting products in China.
Trade friction risks such as intellectual property disputes increase. In recent years, although the number of LED patent applications in mainland China has increased significantly, the position in the global LED intellectual property pattern has not been fundamentally improved. On the contrary, the homogenization competition caused by the intellectual property problem of LED is becoming more and more fierce, the problem of lack of industrial ownership is becoming more and more serious, and the risk of trade friction is also increasing. At the same time, with the rapid increase in the export of LED lamps in China, the low-cost competition between exports in the same industry is intensifying. After the international market is saturated, it is bound to adopt trade sanctions against anti-dumping and countervailing of LED products in China, which will also increase trade friction. risk.
The immature industry brings hidden worry. Although China's LED lamps export momentum is good, but the industry is not mature enough, some problems have gradually emerged, there are many hidden concerns, mainly in the following aspects:
There is no breakthrough in the core competitiveness of enterprises. All along, China's LED industry only has an advantage in product packaging, but does not have its own core technology and patents in product development and chip manufacturing. Most of the international high-end LED products are produced in Taiwan, Japan, Europe and the United States, and many small and medium-sized enterprises in China can only engage in LED applications and are at the lowest end of the industrial chain. Except for a few large enterprises, many small and medium-sized enterprises can only produce a large number of products with low quality requirements such as rainbow tubes. For example, enterprises in the Pearl River Delta region, and even many enterprises are difficult to produce products that meet the certifications of developed countries such as Europe and the United States. Can be exported to Africa, India, Arabia and other countries and regions to make profits at low prices.
Technical trade barriers are prominent. Since the second half of 2012, the United States, Japan, Mexico, and the European Union and other countries and regions have successively raised the technical threshold for the import of LED lamps. For the directional lamps and LED lamps that enter the country, they have proposed energy conservation, environmental protection, eco-design, energy efficiency labeling, testing and inspection. Higher performance and stricter requirements in terms of performance, safety, size, weight, shape, etc. It can be said that technical trade barriers have become the main problem facing China's LED lamps to maintain export growth momentum.
Product quality issues are obvious. Due to the lack of corresponding standards, it is not uncommon for domestic LED companies to seize the market in the form of sacrificing product quality, resulting in frequent blacklists due to product quality issues. According to incomplete statistics, since 2012, the EU Non-Food Rapid Alert System (RAPEX) has reported that China has exported LED lighting products hundreds of times, most of which are due to insufficient creepage distance or insufficient clearance. Caused by quality problems such as Jia. It can be seen that product quality issues have become an obstacle to the development of foreign markets in the LED industry.
The number of patent disputes has increased. Due to the lack of LED core technology patents and product brands, domestic LED product homogenization competition is becoming more and more serious, which leads to the trade friction of export products. In recent years, the United States has repeatedly used Section 337 to prevent China's LED products from entering the US market. According to statistics, since 2008, China's LED companies have suffered 4 investigations in 337, involving more than 30 domestic enterprises, including Xiamen (real estate) Sanan, Dalian (real estate) Lumei, Hangzhou (property) Shilan Mingxin Such as LED chip companies, National Star Optoelectronics (002449, shares it), Hongli Optoelectronics (300219, shares it) and other packaging companies, as well as Shenzhen (real estate) Chau Lei and other LED applications. If the response is not good, LED intellectual property issues will also create long-term trade friction risks.
Industry concentration is low. According to GLII data statistics, the industry concentration of epitaxial chip links in China's LED industry has exceeded 50%, but the concentration of packaging links is only 16.8, especially the concentration of LED lighting applications entered by a large number of enterprises is only 5.7.2013 China A total of nearly 9,000 companies operating LED lamps, more than a thousand more than last year, the total exports of the top 100 companies accounted for 40% of the total export value, which is 3.5 percentage points lower than last year. The number of operating enterprises is relatively large and relatively scattered. The market supply pattern of such enterprises is not concentrated, resulting in fierce market competition. In particular, the functions of low-end and mid-end products are similar and single, and the price becomes the main means of competition among enterprises, which directly leads to meager profit and thus restricts. The improvement of enterprise innovation capability and the improvement of the overall export competitiveness of the industry.
Multi-factors have boosted the export of lamps and lanterns in the past three years. With the widespread application of LED products in the world, the export of LED lamps in China has also grown rapidly, and the volume and price have increased. In addition to the slow recovery of the world economy and the overall macroeconomic environment, the positive factors that drive its rapid growth are mainly as follows:
The market environment is improving. First of all, due to the influence of consumption concepts, energy prices and other factors, the domestic market development of China's LED lamps relies more on government procurement, and the domestic demand market is relatively insufficient. The awareness of foreign consumers' energy conservation and environmental protection is generally strong, the consumption concept is ahead, and the prices in overseas markets are relatively high, the money collection cycle is shorter, the external demand market has obvious advantages, and the profits are more abundant. Secondly, the global LED bulb price decline has also stimulated. Exports are growing rapidly. According to the statistics of relevant market authorities, in many markets around the world, whether it is to replace 40-watt or 60-watt LED bulbs, the minimum price is less than 10 US dollars, which is basically the same as the traditional energy-saving lamps. This directly stimulates the growth of global LED lighting demand, especially in emerging market countries.
Government policy support. First of all, in addition to the tax rebate policy for the export of LED lamps and the reduction and exemption of commodity inspection fees, the local governments have accelerated the LED public service platforms such as inspection and quarantine and technical standards testing. Construction has objectively promoted the development of export trade of LED lamps. Secondly, from a global perspective, more and more countries are stepping up legislation to encourage the use of energy-saving light sources, such as the United States, the European Union, Japan, Australia and other developed markets. In addition to different levels of subsidies for LED lighting products, it has also introduced policies and regulations to eliminate incandescent lamps, making the demand for LED lamps in these markets have a large room for growth.
Enterprise initiatives are effective. First of all, well-known large-scale lighting companies such as Osram and Philips have successively entered China, providing close-range learning opportunities for domestic enterprises that are good at imitating, thus driving their own technical standards and design levels to improve their quality and price. Vicious competition and trade disputes caused by other aspects; Secondly, many powerful LED lighting companies have set up branch offices and overseas marketing centers in developed markets such as Europe and the United States, to more directly understand market demand and the latest technological developments, and to circumvent parts. Trade and technical barriers.
Product price advantage. First of all, China's LED lighting export enterprises occupy the absolute advantages of labor-intensive raw materials, low labor costs, low-cost labor costs and low-cost raw material prices have created a low-cost competitive advantage of products; secondly, along with technological innovation and progress, The price of LED chips is also decreasing year by year. At the same time, due to the impact of domestic manufacturers' production and localization substitution, from the beginning of 2012, the increase of LED chip imports is significantly lower than that of LED lamps, which also reduces the production cost of LED lamps to a certain extent.
This year, the export volume will increase by more than 30%. According to the forecast of market research institutions and major brand manufacturers, the global LED lighting market will continue to maintain rapid growth under the stimulus of price decline in 2014. As the main supplier of global LED lighting, China will also maintain exports. Higher increase. It is estimated that the export value of China's LED lamps will increase by about 35 in 2013 to reach 12 billion US dollars. Among them: from the perspective of the distribution of exporting countries and regions, the EU, the United States, Hong Kong, Japan, etc. will still be the main market for LED lamps in China; in addition, with the increase in the threshold of EU and US lighting exports, and emerging market LED lighting products The demand is rising, and it is expected that exports to emerging market countries will also show a good growth trend; from the perspective of export provinces and cities, Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces will still be the main export areas of LED lamps in China. It is expected that the export value of LED lamps in the two provinces will still be Will account for more than 60 of the country's total exports.
At the same time, with the rapid growth of LED lighting exports, it has gradually accumulated a lot of market risks, which must be paid attention to by relevant enterprises and departments. Among them, the European and American markets, which are the focus of demand, will continue to strengthen their regulatory measures in technology and trade, especially in the areas of UL, ERP, ENERGY STAR, etc. To put forward more stringent and strict standards, which will bring greater challenges to enterprises' exports and increase profits. At the same time, enterprises must also pay attention to prevent the intellectual property risks contained in the upstream LED chips of products; in addition, the rapid growth of China's LED lighting exports, despite the large environmental factors that the market demand bursts, but enterprises should also pay attention to the anti-dumping caused by the surge in export of individual markets. Such as temporary trade protection measures, pay attention to the pace of market development.
Recommended LED lighting companies to continue
It is mainly used in national defense construction projects, transportation construction, energy industry construction and production, mining and other raw material industry construction and production, agriculture, forestry and water conservancy construction, industrial and civil construction, urban construction, environmental protection and other fields.
In the world, the title of this industry is basically the same. Among them, the United States and the United Kingdom are called construction machinery and equipment, Germany is called construction machinery and equipment, Russia is called construction machinery and road construction machinery, and Japan is called construction machinery. Some products in China are also referred to as construction machinery, while the mechanical systems are collectively referred to as construction machinery when they form the industry approval according to the State Council, and they have continued until now. Countries have roughly the same product range for this industry. Compared with other countries, China's construction machinery has also added railway line engineering machinery, Forklift trucks and industrial handling vehicles, decoration machinery, elevators, pneumatic tools and other industries.
It is expected that the LED lamp export prospects will be bright this year.