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After a late flight arrived in Beijing, a taxi back to the district downstairs Ms. Zhao subconsciously lifted her wrist and looked at the watch, it was already 11 o'clock in the evening. He dragged the heavy luggage to the door of the house, and had not had time to open the key to open the door. The two bright white notices attached to the door made Ms. Zhao suddenly feel a little irritated. "It seems that this trip was long enough." She confided in her heart.
Two notices, one for the water bill and the other for the gas company's bill.
Rented in the current residence for the past three years, Ms. Zhao and the water company, gas company's meter readers have never played one face, but the payment is normal.
“Although water and gas can be paid by Alipay, how much do I have to pay? The meter reader and myself are not clear.†Ms. Zhao said it was a fact. In Beijing, the vast majority of water and gas meters are installed in the homes of users. Meter-readers need to visit the home regularly to read meter readings. If there is no one at home, meter reading can not be completed. “Even on the weekends, the user’s home may not necessarily be home, so most of them are estimates.†Master Ding, who is responsible for copying user fees in Beijing’s Dongzhimen area, is blunt. The so-called "estimate" is certainly not accurate. Ms. Zhao, who is engaged in informatization work, can not help but feel some emotion when talking about living expenses. “The level of informationization of public services can't always stay in the stage of collecting by manpower, not only affects the statistics of information data, but also for enterprises and users. Not convenient."
Zhang Guangyao of Jining City, Shandong Province, had less trouble like Ms. Zhao in her life. The golden Lanting community he lives in is the only “multiple-in-one†community in Jining City. The hydroelectricity meter can achieve centralized collection. “There are no more meter readers to knock at the door and read the meter. There is also the greatest convenience that the utility bills can be paid on a one-time basis. It is much more convenient now than it was necessary to pay separately.†said Zhang Guangyao. "But now, gas and heat need to pay a separate fee. If we can achieve a bill for water and electricity, and pay for it at one time, then it should be considered a smart life."
It has been two years since Jining promoted “multiple forms integrationâ€, although the number of users of “multiple forms combined†information has reached 130,000, and the number of users who implement combined fees has reached a certain number, but the distance from the hydroelectric heat meter It seems that there is still a lot of roads to go through. Among them, various issues from the technical level, industry standards, data platforms, and policy support are intertwined, so that the promotion of “multiple forms†faces many new problems to be solved. What is certain is that under the trend of “Internet+â€, “multiple forms†will be the trend of future public service development. Promoting “multiple forms†is inseparable from the joint efforts of hydroelectric companies and governments.
When the "Internet Plus" era came along, we must admit that the "Internet Plus" is profoundly changing our lives. The emergence of new business models is as small as opening a mobile phone APP to order a meal delivery. The stickiness between ordinary people and the Internet is getting higher and higher. However, in the important public service areas of people's livelihood, such as water and electricity, it seems that they are not in step with the outside world's "Internet +."
In 2015, the state proposed the "Internet +" action plan, and the state ministries, commissions, provinces, and industries have begun to actively explore and find the entry point for the "Internet +." “Although we have already opened the WeChat payment function, we have to go to the meter every two months to read the meter,†said Ding. In order to facilitate the work, Master Ding established a WeChat group. She was responsible for a part of users in the meter reading area. “I will issue water bills in the group and teach users to use the WeChat payment function, but even so, water fee recovery is still a certain degree of difficulty. The key is to rely on manual meter reading this part is too inefficient.†Master Ding said frankly.
On July 6, 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Energy Bureau issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of Smart Grids," proposing "Improve information sharing mechanisms in the fields of coal, electricity, oil, and gas, and support the collection and copying of water, gas, and electricity." Build a cross-industry dynamic data integration platform for energy operations and encourage the sharing of energy and information infrastructure.†With the support of the policy, relying on smart meters and “multiple-in-one†information acquisition systems, trials were started within the operating areas of the State Grid Corporation of China.
The so-called "multiple-information" information collection is achieved by unifying and standardizing the existing standards, communications, and equipment technology systems that are widely used to promote smart metering and widespread use of energy-using information collection systems. The unified energy meter reading and management. Simply put, it is to build a smart meter collection platform, through the Internet, big data and other technologies, to integrate water metering, electricity, gas, and thermal decentralized meter reading channels in order to achieve centralized meter reading, joint charging, and energy use. Management and other integrated energy services.
The reason why relying on smart meters and using telecommunications acquisition systems to achieve "multi-table integration" applications is because of the inherent advantages of electricity. From the physical connection, smart meters and electricity information collection systems have formed a complete information channel. The smart meter installed on the user side is connected to the background master station system through the collection terminal installed under the transformer of the district, and the data of the meter interacts with the master station system through the collection terminal. Hydrothermal data can be uploaded to the master system in real time using this physical connection. To take an example of an image, the power consumption information collection system is like a perfect highway network. The water vapor heat meter can be driven directly on the road.
So, how does the water vapor heat meter "go on the road"?
"The meter is active, while the water-gas meter is passive. We can connect the power supply to the air-heating station to achieve the continuous supply of the water-heat meter. The power line itself can transmit data in addition to the transmission of electricity. In this way, the water vapor heat meter can realize real-time data acquisition, which is a solution for realizing communication by extending the power supply, and another solution is to install a communication module matching the electricity meter at the water vapor heat table end. Or add an interface converter to collect the data of the water vapor heat meter to the collection terminal to realize the information exchange.†Zhou Hui, Marketing Department of the State Grid Corporation of China, introduced it.
However, the completeness of the technical plan is only the first step in the “multiple expressionâ€. In reality, the implementation plan is more complicated than the technical solution. Chen Jinsong, chief operating officer of Jining Zhongshan Public Water Co., Ltd., said in an interview with reporters that of the more than 380,000 tap water users in the main urban area of ​​Jining City, 180,000 still use mechanical water meters, while the remaining 200,000 have installed smart water meters. Specifications and models vary. This situation also exists in the gas industry. On the one hand, the penetration rate of smart meters is low, and most of them do not have the hard conditions for intelligent collection; on the other hand, there are complex smart meters that have different specifications and models, and they are complex in terms of retrofitting acquisition modules and unilateral protocol conversion.
“The promotion of 'multiple forms integration' is concentrated in areas where there are conditions, such as new residential areas and communities where smart metering has been implemented,†said Sun Haibin, a measurement specialist in the marketing department of Shandong State Jining Power Supply Company.
There is a policy-oriented support for how to make investment in Kaner. At present, Jining Power Supply Co., Ltd. has promoted the "multiple-in-one-in-one" information collection and has achieved substantial results. As of the end of 2016, the total number of users who had collected multiple watches had reached 130,000. "The promotion of new things is certainly inseparable from the support of the government," said Li Jiuyong, secretary of the Party branch of the marketing department of Jining Power Supply Company.
In fact, the “multiple-in-one†information gathering based on information and “Internet Plus†is in line with the background of the transformation and development of Jining City. As a typical coal resource-based city, the direction of Jining's transformation and development is very clear - taking the development of the information industry as a guide to urban transformation. In 2015, the Shandong provincial government listed Jining as “the Information Technology Industry Base of Shandong Provinceâ€, focusing on the development of the software industry, smart city industry, and big data industry, aiming to make Jining a “new Silicon Valley†for the information industry in Shandong Province and even the whole country. At the same time, the smart city construction in Jining City has been accelerated, and efforts have been made to create a convenient and efficient urban management and livelihood service system. “In the future, information technology will become a business card of Jining City.†said Wang Liang, Chief of the Informationization Promotion Section of Jining City Committee of Information Technology. In order to promote the "multiple forms," ​​the Jining government issued the "Notice on vigorously promoting the integration of the four collections of electricity, water, gas, and heat," and included the "multiple-in-one-in-one" collection project in the wisdom of Jining. development plan".
The policies and opinions that have been issued at the national level have become the basis for Jining City to formulate relevant measures in the process of advancing the “multiple formsâ€. In the national "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", it is explicitly mentioned that "focusing on infrastructure intelligence, facilitation of public services, and refinement of social governance, and making full use of modern information technology and big data to build a new model of smart cities." The National Development and Reform Commission, the Energy Bureau, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the “Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of “Internet + Smart Energyâ€, and proposed the promotion of remote automatic collection and copying of water, gas, heat, and electricity, and clarified the “multi-listing†from the national level. A policy guide for information collection. The State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Work of "Internet + Government Services"." In the 2016 Action Plan of the “Measurement Development Plan (2013-2020) Year 2016â€, the AQSIQ clarified that the AQSIQ, the Ministry of Housing and Construction, and the State Grid Corporation of China jointly promote the collection of “multiple forms†information.
Whether it is the advocacy planning at the national level or the supportive policies of the local government, it has established the general direction for the promotion of “multiple forms and onenessâ€. However, in the specific implementation process, there are still many problems. "At the beginning of the promotion, it was envisaged that the equipment used for the acquisition of water-heat-measuring communication interface converters would be standardized, but the standards and specifications of the water-gas heat-meters were not uniform, and each cell needed to be separate. To customize a product, our workload and cost are very large.†Sun Haibin said. “So, it is critical to do a top-level design of the technical standards.†Zhou Hui, Marketing Department of the State Grid Corporation of China, said, “If the new district is designed, it will be able to put the relevant requirements in place according to the 'multiple-in-one' model, on site. The construction part of the installation of the equipment, the layout of the pipeline is well reserved, more conducive to the promotion of 'multi-table integration'.
In 2016, the Ministry of Construction promulgated the revision of the “Building Remote Metering System for Civil Buildings†of the construction industry standard, and the first “Series of standards for electricity, water, gas, and heat energy measurement and management systems†was officially released, further regulating the “multiple table integrationâ€. "Standards for master stations, on-site facilities, communication protocols, etc. However, unified standards are not binding. "Who pays for a high standard meter? This is a real problem," said one interviewee in an interview. In an interview, the reporter also learned that the Beijing Water Group has often encountered cold when it actively promoted its own brand of smart water meters. After all, the price of smart water meters is much higher than ordinary water meters. "If the measurement investment is included in the municipal infrastructure facilities, the situation may be improved." The interviewee said.
When the First Step to Success Takes the Step of Implementing Details Kaner On October 26, 2016, Jining City's “multiple-in-one†commercial operation took the first step to success—the “multiple-in-one†collective procurement demonstration project The leader of the Jining Power Supply Company received the first copy meter processing fee paid by Jining Zhongshan Public Water Co., Ltd. Despite having a good start, nearly half a year later, the scale of the 50,000 households that initially implemented collective procurement has not been further expanded. "What is the effect of the meter reading? It needs further observation. After all, it is a new thing and it needs a transitional period," said Chen Jinsong, Jining Zhongshan Water Operations Director. At present, the staff of the Jining Zhongshan Water Meter Reading Class is still performing manual meter reading to prevent errors in remote collection. However, according to data from the remote collection system of Jining Power Supply Company, the success rate and accuracy of water meter collection have reached more than 99.9%.
In accordance with the development direction of the "multiple-in-one" plan, "collective copying" is only the most basic business. Nuclear, revenue, and intelligent energy management and integrated energy services will be based on comprehensive functions that can be achieved by "multiple forms of integration." For the public sector energy companies, “multiple forms†can provide support for deepening the application of big data, not only to improve the level of corporate management, but also to achieve the ultimate goal of energy conservation.
For “multiple statements,†companies are more concerned with short-term benefits, and the government sees long-term results. “Like electricity consumption to GDP, the energy consumption data of the public sector can to a large extent reflect the economic operation and development as well as the level of living consumption of the residents. This is of great significance for the government to formulate policies for macro-control.†Jining City Government According to Zhou Guangquan, the director of the Committee of Letters and Letters. However, hydrothermal companies are obviously conservative on the issue of uploading their big data to “non-self†data platforms. Take the gas industry with a higher degree of information as an example, they prefer to build their own data platform and remote collection system. However, in this way, the duplicated construction of the transmission information channel is an economic account. In addition, information security is also one of the reasons why utilities' energy companies hold a conservative attitude towards the collection of “multiple forms of information†information.
"We must ensure the efficiency of collection and the economics of the application, while also protecting the security of the user's private data. We have a relatively complete data and information security architecture to support customer's information will not be stolen from this link. From the collection of the data to the source of the source, to all aspects of the entire chain, we can ensure that everything is controllable and there will be no security risks.†Zhou Hui, Marketing Department of the State Grid Corporation of China, said in an interview.
Unlike water and gas enterprises, the demand for informationization by heating companies is even more urgent.
Jining Dongjiao Thermal Power Co., Ltd. is the only heat supply company in the three heat supply enterprises in Jining City. Of the 100,000 heating users, only 2,000 have installed smart heat meters that can monitor heat flux. In the eastern suburbs thermoelectric control hall, the reporter saw the real-time changes in the user-side heat flow data, transmitted to the thermoelectric dispatch system via the electricity information collection system. “The 2,000 intelligent heat meters belong to 4 communities. The heat meter of each cell comes from different manufacturers. The models and specifications are not uniform. Each manufacturer will provide its own online monitoring system. The platform is not compatible. Not to say that it is still unstable, and problems often occur, but the monitoring of heat flux through electricity information collection systems is much more stable, and the success rate of data collection is very high, said Wang Zhaoguo, director of production scheduling at Jining Dongjiao Thermal Power Co., Ltd.
However, the promotion of heat meters is also a problem. At present, in the entire country, the vast majority of heating costs are based on a certain standard according to the area to collect, using the heat meter billing can be described as "rare". Although the area-based charges allow heating companies to appear to be able to maintain their income on droughts and droughts, in reality, heating companies prefer to calculate more economic accounts and environmental protection accounts. “We can adjust the production schedule according to the user's use of thermal energy. When the user uses less heat, we can reduce production investment and even use waste heat to heat. It saves costs for the enterprise, reduces emissions and reduces resources for the society. Wasting, killing too much at one stroke." Wang Zhaoguo said. For heating companies that do not have a heat source, it is easier to account for operating costs and profits in accordance with the thermal flow fee. This is in line with the promotion of the concept of "multiple expressions" to realize integrated services such as intelligent energy management and integrated energy services, and it is particularly significant for relieving the phenomenon of haze in winter heating season. However, the current charging standards for heat metering are still blank, and they become a barrier between demand and reality.
How far is it when everything is available from a smart city? When Zhang Guangyao of Jining opens the “E-Bao†APP on mobile phones and pays bills for utility bills this month, this “E-Bao†platform is like Alipay, WeChat, etc. Like a payment platform, a collection commission is generated at the same time. The person who pays this fee is Jining Zhongshan Public Water Co., Ltd. “There are only two tap water service outlets in Jining City, and there is no online payment method for water charges. 'E-Bao' can provide one-time payment of utility bills, saving time and effort,†said Zhang Guangyao.
Mr. Chen of Shanghai opened the "Payment Pass" APP on his mobile phone, and after completing the merger of water and electrical bills, the "Paypass" platform received a collection fee for water, electricity and gas companies. "Using more than ten years of life payment method, it is very common to pay online," said Mr. Chen.
For the average user, they will not pay attention to who receives the collection fee, and the convenience of the payment method is the focus of their attention. It's different for businesses. In fact, no matter whether it is online charging, offline banking, or charging for any collection outlets, there is a collection charge for the enterprises, but the main body of charges is different. The difference between “E-Bao†and “Pay-Pass†is that one is built by the company to collect payment platforms for electricity bills; the other is led by the Shanghai municipal government and jointly established with several public utilities account Payment platform.
From the perspective of Jining and Shanghai’s promotion of “multiple forms of integration,†Shanghai has achieved the “three-in-one†(without heat supply) for water and electricity, which is far more effective than Jining’s “two-in-one†model. From the surface, It seems that the payment platform established by the government is more credible, but in fact it hides the game of interests between companies.
Naturally, any new thing will not be easy in the promotion process. Shanghai's "three-in-one" is also limited to nearly one thousand users of the "multiple-in-one" pilot. In the survey, the reporter also found that in addition to technology, policies, investment, corporate appeals and business concepts, etc., which have an impact on the promotion of “multiple-information†information collection, the user’s energy consumption inertia, business management methods, etc. are also to a certain extent. It restricts the promotion of "multiple-table integration" information collection.
Taking Shanghai as an example, ordinary residents still retain the consumption habits of “first use and post-pay†for water, electricity and gas. According to the relevant staff of the State Grid Corporation of Shanghai Electric Power Co., Ltd., after Shanghai realized the remote meter collection, the residents were dissatisfied because they were not used to the electronic bills, and the Shanghai Electric Power Company had to resume the method of sending bills to the meter readers. In Shanghai, not only bills for electricity, water and gas bills are still sent to the door by meter readers. The "post-paid" status of water, gas and heat is common in cities like Changzhou and Suzhou in Jiangsu. This should be the release of the "labor-benefit" brought about by the "multi-table integration" information collection. It can be seen that the promotion of “multiple-in-one†information collection and even the promotion of smart metering needs to undergo a process of “changing the customsâ€.
In Beijing, some communities are charged by the property management agency for water and electricity, and in addition to the municipal heating, there are collective heating and heating companies. All these have undoubtedly brought difficulties to the promotion of "multiple-information" information collection. It also requires a corresponding standardization and guidance process from the policy level.
Although the promotion is not difficult, the “multiple-in-one†information collection work that has been closely linked with the construction of smart cities has been clearly promoted in the intensive policies of the state and local governments. For users, the one-stop network service that can enjoy “one-click inquiry and one card payment†is the ultimate goal. In the middle of this, how can the government and the company identify their own strengths and crack points? It is of utmost importance that matching policies are not in place and that the breaking of industry barriers is achieved. The “multiple-in-one†information acquisition is undoubtedly the product of the deep intersection between the Internet and energy. Based on this, the application of big data and the accompanying comprehensive functions will be used to build a smart city and a conservation-minded society. Great effect, all this is worth looking forward to.
(Original title: State Grid: How Much Combinations Have to Take Several Roads?)
National Grid: Multi-table integration of how to go through the implementation details of the Kaner
[China Instrument Network Instrument Industry] Under the trend of “Internet+â€, “multiple forms†will be the trend of future public service development. The promotion of “multiple forms integration†is inseparable from the joint efforts of hydroelectric companies and the government. .