Valve corrosion refers to the degradation of metal components due to chemical or electrochemical interactions with their environment. This process occurs naturally as metals react with surrounding elements, prompting a growing interest in isolating metals from these conditions or replacing them with non-metallic synthetic materials. Corrosion significantly affects the lifespan, reliability, and performance of valves, making it a critical concern in valve design and maintenance. The combined impact of mechanical stress and corrosive factors accelerates surface wear, especially in frictional areas where metal interacts with the environment. In pipelines, the presence of substances like hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and organic acids in oil, natural gas, and formation water can severely damage metal surfaces, reducing their functional capacity over time. Factors such as temperature, mechanical load, lubricant composition, exposure duration, and catalytic effects on nitriding all influence the rate of chemical corrosion. To combat this, anti-corrosion measures for metal valves include protective coatings like paint, pigments, and lubricants, which shield the valve during manufacturing, storage, transportation, and operation. The choice of method depends on the required protection period, environmental conditions, valve design, and cost-effectiveness. Common approaches include using volatile corrosion inhibitors, water- and alcohol-based solutions, surface coatings, and thin polymer films. Synthetic materials have emerged as a strong alternative to metal valves, offering superior corrosion resistance, lighter weight, and customizable strength based on fiber reinforcement. These materials—such as thermoplastics (PVC, PVDF, PPS) and thermosets (epoxy, polyester)—are widely used in harsh environments. Thermosetting resins, in particular, maintain structural integrity at higher temperatures compared to thermoplastics. In applications, fiber content typically ranges from 30% to 40%, with glass and graphite fibers enhancing mechanical properties. While synthetic materials may have lower tensile strength than metals, they can match performance through optimized design, such as thicker sections and ribs. Their advantages make them an economical choice in corrosive systems, offering long-term benefits in chemical processing. Beyond traditional materials, modern valve development incorporates ceramics, plastics, and memory alloys, expanding the range of high-performance options. These innovations highlight the evolving landscape of valve technology, driven by the need for durability, efficiency, and adaptability in diverse operating conditions.

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