Technical data is a guide to maintenance and plays a vital role in maintenance work. With the aid of technical data, the efficiency of maintenance work and the accuracy of maintenance can be greatly improved. In general, for major CNC machine tool failure repairs. In the ideal state, the following technical information should be available: (1) CNC machine tool manual It is a random data provided by the machine tool manufacturer to prepare a random bed. The machine tool's instruction manual usually includes F related to maintenance. 1) Machine operation and steps 2) Schematic diagram of the structural principle of the main mechanical transmission system and main components of the machine tool. 3) Hydraulic, pneumatic and lubrication system diagram of the machine tool 4) Methods and procedures for machine tool installation and adjustment 5) Schematic diagram of machine tool electrical control 6) Special functions used by the machine tool and their descriptions. The operation and programming manual (or manual) of the CNC system is a manual for the CNC system compiled by the manufacturer of the CNC system, usually including the contents of F: 1) Panel description of the CNC system. 2) The specific operation steps of the CNC system (including the manual, automatic, trial operation, etc., as well as the input, editing, setting and display methods of programs, parameters, etc.). 3) The processing program and the input format, the method of programming the program, the basic format of each instruction, and the meaning of the representation. In some systems, it may also include a lot of information for system debugging and maintenance, such as: description of "machine parameters", how to deal with alarms, and connection diagrams of the system. It is one of the technical materials that must be referenced in the maintenance of CNC systems and operating machine tools. (3) PLC program list It is the machine tool control software designed and compiled by the machine tool factory according to the specific control requirements of the machine tool. The PLC program contains the execution process of the machine tool action and the conditions required to execute the action. It indicates the command signal and the detection component. Perform all logical relationships between components. With the help of the PLC program, the maintenance personnel can quickly find the cause of the fault. It is the most used and most important material in the maintenance of CNC machine tools. In some systems (such as FANUC system, SIEMENS802D, etc.), the display of the CNC system can directly use the PLC program. Dynamic detection and observation, it provides great convenience for maintenance, therefore, it is necessary to master the operation and use skills in this aspect of maintenance. (4) Machine parameter list It is the setting and adjustment of the CNC system by the machine tool manufacturer according to the actual situation of the machine tool. The machine tool parameter is the "bridge" between the system and the machine tool. It not only directly determines the configuration and function of the system, but also relates to the dynamic and static performance and precision of the machine tool. Therefore, it is also an important basis and reference for the maintenance of the machine tool. During maintenance, the machine tool should be adjusted and repaired at any time with reference to the setting conditions of the system "machine parameters"; especially when replacing the CNC system module. Be sure to record the machine's original setup parameters for machine function recovery. (5) Connection description and function description of the numerical control system This data is usually prepared by the CNC system manufacturer and is only provided to the machine tool manufacturer as the setting data. Maintenance personnel can obtain it from the machine tool manufacturer or the system production and sales department. The system's connection description and function specification not only contain the connection requirements and descriptions of the various parts of the system in more detail than the electrical schematic, but also include the signal function description not reflected in the principle circle. It is the maintenance CNC system, especially the inspection. Important reference material for electrical wiring. (6) Instruction manual for servo drive system and spindle drive system It is the principle and connection manual of servo system and spindle drive system. It mainly includes servo and spindle status display and alarm display, driver debugging, setting points, signal, voltage and current. The test points, the parameters and meanings of the driver settings, can be used for servo drive system and spindle drive system maintenance reference. (7) PLC use and programming instructions It is the use and programming manual of the external or built-in PLC used in the machine tool. Through the instructions of the PLC, the maintenance personnel can explain the functions and instructions of the PLC. Analyze and understand the PLC program. And thus to understand and analyze the machine's action process, operating conditions, action, and the logical relationship between the signals, and if necessary, some modifications can be made to the PLC program. (8) Instructions and materials for the main functional components of the machine tool On the CNC machine tools, more functional components such as CNC rotary table, automatic tool changer, lubrication and cooling system chip conveyor are often used. These functional parts, manufacturers generally provide a more complete instructions for use, the machine tool manufacturer should provide it to the user, to refer to the failure of hard functional parts. All of the above are technical materials that should be prepared under ideal conditions, but it is often difficult to do this in actual repairs. Therefore, when necessary, maintenance personnel should complete the relevant technical data through on-site surveying and mapping, and usual accumulation. (9) This is a summary of the maintenance personnel's record and maintenance of the machine tool repair process. The most ideal condition is that the maintenance personnel should make detailed records of each step of their maintenance, regardless of whether it is correct at the time. This will not only help further maintenance in the future, but also help the maintenance personnel's experience summary and level improvement.
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Analysis of technical requirements for maintenance of CNC machine tools