Phosphate fertilizer enterprise emission reduction technology is imperative

With the development of technology and equipment, China's phosphorus and compound fertilizer production is now fully able to meet domestic demand, self-sufficiency rate has reached 120%, and a considerable number of products to find a way out in the international market. However, while achieving success, the pollution problem caused by rapid growth has become a bottleneck restricting its healthy development. To develop the “resource-conserving and environment-friendly” phosphate fertilizer industry in the country, to implement the existing ammonium phosphate enterprises to discharge 0.3 cubic meters of wastewater per ton of product, and to implement 15 mg/liter of emission limits for fluoride and ammonia nitrogen pollutants. Next, during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, phosphate and compound fertilizer enterprises must strengthen scientific and technological innovation, improve and improve the sewage treatment facilities, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of China's phosphorus chemical industry. This is the information that the reporter obtained from the 3rd National Forum on Phosphorus, Compound Fertilizer, and Phosphorus Chemical Technology Innovation (Yifu) held recently.


The various waste water produced in the production of phosphate fertilizer mainly comes from sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid cleaning gas scrubbing, hydraulic transporting of ore powder, slag field sewage, and other circulating water and desalinated water. The main pollutants in the sewage are fluoride, phosphorus, arsenic, etc. . The large amount of phosphogypsum produced in the production of phosphate fertilizer is piled on the outside for a long time. The slag contains a large amount of residual acid and fluorine, phosphorus and other pollutants, which will infiltrate into the slag site with poor impermeability and affect the quality of groundwater. The slag yard sewage has a large amount of water during the rainy season, and it is difficult for enterprises to recycle all of them, and they have to flow into nearby water bodies, which is a chronic problem of polluting the environment.


According to Wu Xiyan, Chairman of the China Phosphate Fertilizer Industry Association, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced on March 25 this year, the conditions for access to ammonium phosphate (Draft for Soliciting Opinions). The Opinions pointed out that during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the production of phosphate and compound fertilizer must meet the requirements of national environmental protection. The wastewater must be closed during the normal production of the enterprise, and it must be treated after the discharge of the standard, and the fluorine recovery device is not built. The construction of the device must be completed during the year and the normal use of the device must be guaranteed. At the same time, the Ministry of Environmental Protection revised the “Emission Standard for Water Pollutants for Phosphate Fertilizer Industry” at the beginning of this year and will implement it from October 1. The standard stipulates that the existing ammonium phosphate enterprises will discharge 0.3 cubic meters of waste water per ton of product. Fluoride and ammonia nitrogen pollutants will be subject to an emission limit of 15 milligrams per liter, further increasing the threshold for the discharge of phosphate fertilizers.


According to the reporter's understanding, many phosphate fertilizer companies are still unable to meet such requirements, while the dominant enterprises have broken through the bottleneck of environmental protection through technological innovation.


“As far as most of the current slurry slurry monoammonium enterprises are concerned, the actual situation is still quite different from the two regulations. The technical transformation of sewage treatment facilities is imperative.” Deputy Chief Engineer, Sichuan Hongda Co., Ltd. Pu Zhongyun said. Pu Zhongyun stated that according to the basic features of the sewage treatment technology of the phosphate fertilizer industry and the actual conditions of the plant, HTC has determined the principle of sewage treatment and renovation of “classified circulation and cascade utilization”, increased the circulating cascade of sewage, completed the technical transformation and successfully tested. Afterwards, the entire wastewater from the company's ammonium phosphate plant can be completely closed and the wastewater can be “zero emissions”.


Guizhou Yifu (Group) Co., Ltd., through the separation of waste water and turbidity, formed the wastewater recycling technology with Fufu characteristics, realized water balance in the company's system, and took the lead in the domestic phosphate fertilizer industry to achieve “zero emissions” of wastewater. According to Huang Jin, director of Zhaofu Phosphate Fertilizer Plant of Handan Group, the Group recycles equipment cooling water, machine seal water, condensate, air-conditioning water, and phosphogypsum ash, etc., and uses it first in domestic counterparts. Sulfuric acid is used as a unique new process for beneficiation adjustment agent, and replaces fresh process water with medium-water and light-polluting wastewater that meets standards, and is used for water points with lower water quality requirements.


Guizhou Zexin Mining Co., Ltd. Zhang Zeyong told reporters that the idea of ​​Yixin Mining's sewage treatment is: the sewage entering the company's sewage pool mainly contains harmful substances such as NH4+-N, P2O5, F-, and SO42-. After the treatment system recovers the sewage from all plants, lime milk is added for neutralization, flocculation settles, and the precipitate produced by the harmful substances is separated. After the reaction, the polluted water enters the purification tower for purification, the upper clear liquid enters the clear water tank, and then it is pumped to the various use devices and processes to achieve the goal of complete digestion. Zhang Zeyong stated that although the treated sewage has reached the national discharge standard, the company does not discharge it, but distributes it to related production facilities for reuse. At present, the company has produced a total of 139.93 cubic meters of sewage per hour, and the actual sewage capacity has reached 128.93 cubic meters per hour.


The reporter also learned that environmental protection technology service companies will play a major role in the technological transformation of the phosphate fertilizer industry. Wang Zhandi, manager of the Xuzhou Institute of Water Treatment, told reporters that the shallow salt ion exchange technology they developed and the special special ion exchange resin they support could be used for the treatment of wastewater from phosphate fertilizer companies. After the desalination treatment of reuse water by new technology, the desalination rate reaches 85% to 90%, and the treated water quality is better than that of one-time water.

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