90 Degree Elbow Properties and Uses

90 Degree Elbow Properties and Uses

Understanding the properties and uses of a 90-degree elbow is essential for ensuring optimal performance in any piping system. This guide will provide you with detailed insights into its characteristics, applications, and specifications, helping you make informed decisions for your project.

Table of contents

  • Properties and Uses of 90 Degree Elbow
  • 90 Degree Elbow Specification
  • SS 90 Degree Elbow Dimensions and Size Chart
  • Aluminum 90 Degree Elbow Weight Chart
  • 90 Deg Elbow Materials
  • Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow Pressure Rating
  • Copper 90 Degree Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
  • 90 Degree Elbow Angularity Tolerances
  • 4 inch 90 degree elbow Chemical and Mechanical Properties
  • Types of 90° Elbows
  • SS 90 Deg Elbows Size Chart
  • Advantages of 90 Degree Elbow

Properties and Uses of 90 Degree Elbow

90 Degree Elbow

Properties:

  • 90-degree bend
  • Changing the direction of the flow by a right angle
  • Available in various sizes
  • Match different pipe diameters and flow rates
  • Pressure ratings: depend on the material and design
  • End types: threaded, welded, or flanged
  • Radius: long radius, short radius

Uses:

To change the direction of a pipeline

Helps in managing the flow of liquids and gases

  • Oil and gas refineries
  • Chemical plants
  • Plumbing
  • Power plants
  • HVAC systems
90 Degree Elbow Uses

90 Deg Elbow are Manufactured as per ASME B16.9 Standard

The ASME B16.9 standard, developed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, outlines specifications for industrial butt-weld fittings. It covers pressure ratings, dimensions, materials, surface finishes, fabrication tests, and tolerances, ensuring consistency and reliability in piping systems.

90 Degree Elbow Specification

90 Degree Elbow Size Range
  • 1/2" to 48"
Standards
  • ASTM A234
  • MSS SP-75
  • ASTM A403
Manufacturing Standards
  • ASME B16.9
  • DIN2615
  • JIS B2312
Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow Thickness
  • SCH 10
  • SCH 40
  • SCH 80
4 Inch 90 Degree Elbow Coating
  • Black Painted
  • Epoxy Coated
  • Galvanized
  • Varnished
Aluminum 90 Degree Elbow Type
  • Welded
  • Seamless
  • Fabricated
Copper 90 Degree Elbow Radius
  • 1 D
  • 2D
  • 3 D
  • 5D
  • 6D
  • 8 D
  • 10D

Refer Sizes and Dimensions of Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow

Stainless steel 90-degree elbows can be manufactured in grades such as 304 and 316, offering excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, durability, and minimal maintenance. These fittings are widely used in industries where reliability and longevity are critical.

Below is a detailed look at the sizes and dimensions of stainless steel 90-degree elbows.

SS 90 Degree Elbow Dimensions and Size Chart

SS 90 Degree Elbow

inch D 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 3 1/2 4 5
ND 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125
mm 21,34 26,67 33,40 42,16 48,26 60,32 73,02 88,90 101,60 114,30 141,30
Center to center O 76,20 57,15 76,20 95,25 114,30 152,40 190,50 228,60 266,70 304,80 381,00
Radius A 38,10 28,57 38,10 47,60 57,15 76,20 95,25 114,30 133,35 152,40 190,50
Back to face K 47,62 42,86 55,56 69,85 82,55 106,40 131,80 158,75 184,15 209,55 261,90
Center to end B 15,87 11,11 22,22 25,40 28,57 34,92 44,45 50,80 57,15 63,50 79,38
inch 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 28
ND 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 700
mm 168,27 219,07 273,05 323,85 355,60 406,40 457,20 508,00 558,80 609,60 711,20
Center to center 457,20 609,60 762,00 914,40 1066,80 1219,20 1371,60 1524,00 1676,40 1828,80 2133,60
Radius 228,60 304,80 381,00 457,20 533,40 609,60 685,80 762,00 838,20 914,40 1066,80
Back to face 312,70 414,30 517,50 619,10 711,20 812,80 914,40 1016,00 1117,60 1219,20 1422,40
Center to end 95,25 127,00 158,75 190,50 222,25 254,00 285,74 317,50 342,90 381,00 441,90

Check standards and weight chart of copper 90 degree elbow

Copper 90-degree elbows are versatile components used in plumbing and piping systems. They offer smooth flow with long-radius bends, making them ideal for copper pipe installations. Copper's natural resistance to corrosion ensures clean water flow without rust buildup, making it safe for water distribution systems.

Aluminum 90 Degree Elbow Weight Chart

NPS (inch)     01/2 03/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5
LR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.4 2.9
Sch. 10S 0.06 0.07 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.85 1.3 2 3.6
Sch. 40S 0.08 0.09 0.18 0.25 0.4 0.7 1.35 2 4 6.5
Sch. 80S 0.1 0.11 0.2 0.35 0.5 0.9 1.8 2.9 5.9 9.7
SR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.95
Sch. 10S 0.04 0.05 0.1 0.13 0.2 0.33 0.6 0.9 1.35 2.4
Sch. 40S 0.05 0.06 0.12 0.17 0.27 0.47 0.9 1.35 2.65 4.35
Sch. 80S 0.07 0.07 0.13 0.12 0.33 0.6 1.2 1.9 3.9 6.5
NPS (inch)     6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24
LR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 4 7.4 13.6 23.4 29 41.3 51.8 73 122
Sch. 10S 5 10 16.8 27 35 47 59 85 140
Sch. 40S 10.5 21.5 38.5 59 70 95 120 146 210
Sch. 80S 16 33.5 52.5 79 94 125 158 194 282
SR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 2.7 4.9 9.1 15.6 19.3 27.5 34.5 49 82
Sch. 10S 3.35 6.7 11.2 18 23.5 31.5 39.5 57 94
Sch. 40S 7 14.5 25.6 39.5 47 63.5 80 98 140
Sch. 80S 10.5 22.5 35 53 63 84 105 129 188
90 degree pipe elbow are available in different types of materials such as Stainless steel, Carbon steel and Nickel alloys

Choosing the correct material for a 90-degree elbow is crucial to ensure compatibility with the application environment. Using an inappropriate material can lead to issues like erosion, leaks, or reduced system efficiency. Selecting the right material based on factors like temperature, pressure, and chemical exposure is key to long-term performance.

90 Deg Elbow Materials

Material Grades Characterstics
Stainless steel 90 deg elbow
  • 316/316L
  • ASTM A270
  • ASTM A403 WP 304/304L
  • higher strength
  • higher corrosion-resistances
Carbon steel 90 degree elbow
  • ASTM A420 WPL6
  • MSS-SP-75 WPHY 46
  • MSS-SP-75 WPHY 42
  • MSS-SP-75 WPHY 52, 56, 60, 65 and 70
  • high strength
  • high hardness
  • lower plasticity
Alloy Steel
  • ASTM A234 WP1
  • WP5
  • WP9
  • WP11
  • WP22
  • WP91
  • High Temperature
Duplex / Super Duplex 
  • A815 UNS S31803
  • UNS S32750
  • UNS S32760
  • stress corrosion resistance
  • excellent impact toughness
Nickel Alloy
  • UNS 8020
  • UNS 8825
  • UNS 10276
  • UNS 2201
  • UNS 6601
  • ASME SB 336 UNS 2200
  • UNS 4400
  • UNS 6600
  • UNS 6625
  • high creep strength
  • low-vapor
  • magnetic
View pressure rating and tolerance chart of ASME B16.9 90 deg elbow

Selecting the correct pressure rating and tolerance is essential to ensure safe and efficient operation of the piping system. Incorrect choices may result in leaks, damage, or failure. The following chart provides pressure ratings and tolerances for two common materials, aiding in risk mitigation and system reliability.

Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow Pressure Rating

Temperature Ratings (oF) -20 to 150 500 250 200 300 400 350 450 550
(oC) -29 to 66 260 121 93 149 204 177 232 288
Pressure Class 150 300 – 225 265 185 – 150 – –
300 1/4 – 1 inch. 2000 510 1575 1785 1360 935 1150 725 300
1 1/4 – 2 inch. 1500 450 1200 1350 1050 750 900 600 300
2 1/2 – 3 inch. 1000 385 825 910 735 560 650 475 300

Copper 90 Degree Elbow Dimensional Tolerance

Nominal Pipe Size OD at Bevel (D) ID at End Center to End LR (A/B) Center to End 3D (A/B) Nominal Pipe Size OD at Bevel (D) ID at End Center to End LR (A/B) Center to End 3D (A/B) Wall Thickness (t)
1/2 to 2.1/2 1.6 -0.8 0.8 2 3 10 to 18 4 -3.2 3.2 2 3 Not less than 87.5% of Nominal Wall Thickness
3 to 3.1/2 1.6 1.6 2 3 20 to 24 6.4 -4.8 4.8 2 3
4 1.6 1.6 2 3 26 to 30 6.4 -4.8 6.4 -4.8 3 6
5 to 8 2.4 -1.6 1.6 2 3 32 to 48 6.4 -4.8 6.4 -4.8 5 6

90 Degree Elbow Angularity Tolerances

ND 1/2 a 4 5 a 8 10 a 12 14 a 16 18 a 24 26 a 30 32 a 42 44 a 48
Max off plane P 2 4 5 7 10 10 13 20
Max off angle Q 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 5

4 inch 90 degree elbow Chemical and Mechanical Properties

Materials Chemical Properties Mechanical Properties
Stainless Steel
  • Excellent corrosion resistance
  • Suitable for acidic and alkaline envt
  • High tensile strength (SS 304: 70-90 MPa)
  • High ductility and impact resistance
  • Temp: up to 870°C
Carbon Steel
  • Rust and corrosion-prone if improperly coated
  • Strong chemical resistance, though not as strong as SS
  • Unsuitable without protective coatings for extremely acidic or alkaline conditions
  • Moderate tensile strength (250 – 600 MPa)
  • Temp: up to 500°C
PVC
  • Excellent resistance to many acids, alkalis, and salts
  • Poor resistance to organic solvents
  • Lightweight and resistant to moisture
  • tensile strength: 40-60 MPa
  • Temp: 60-70°C
CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)
  • Better resistance to high temperatures and chemicals as compare to PVC
  • Good impact resistance
  • Max temp: 90-100°C

Types of 90° Elbows

90 Degree Short Radius ElbowTitanium Forgings

Titanium Forgings are key components manufactured by heating, plastic deformation, and forming titanium alloys. During the manufacturing process of forgings, titanium alloy is heated to its deformation temperature and subjected to plastic deformation through forging operations to obtain the required shape and size.
Titanium alloy forgings have many advantages, including excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, good weldability, and good low-temperature performance. They are widely used in fields such as aerospace, navigation, energy, chemical engineering, and medical treatment to meet the requirements of high strength, lightweight, and corrosion resistance.
The manufacturing process of titanium alloy forgings is usually divided into the following steps:
Material preparation: Select suitable titanium alloy materials and perform cutting and pre-treatment according to the requirements of the forging.
Heating: Heat the titanium alloy material to a suitable forging temperature, usually above its deformation temperature.
Forging: Place the heated titanium alloy material in a forging machine or forging mold and apply appropriate pressure and deformation force to achieve plastic deformation. This process can be carried out through hammering, pressure, or rolling.
Finishing: By removing surface defects, imperfections, and allowances from forgings, the desired shape and size are achieved.
Heat treatment: Perform appropriate heat treatment on forgings to eliminate internal stress and improve their mechanical properties.
Inspection and testing: Conduct various non-destructive and destructive tests on forgings to ensure that their quality and performance meet the requirements.
Titanium alloy forgings can be customized and designed according to specific application requirements to meet various shapes, sizes, and special requirements. They play an important role in aerospace, marine engineering and other high demand fields, carrying important structures and responsible for key functions.

Titanium Forgings,Titanium Alloy Ring,Titanium Round Target,Sputtering Target Titanium

Baoji Qiyuexin Metal Material Co., Ltd. , https://www.qyxtitanium.com