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Welded steel pipe
Steel pipes are one of the most versatile materials in construction and industrial applications. Among these, welded steel pipes, also referred to as seam pipes, are manufactured using steel plates or strips that are rolled and then welded together. These types of pipes offer a straightforward production process with high output rates, numerous sizes, and lower equipment costs. However, their structural strength typically falls short when compared to seamless steel pipes. Starting from the 1930s, advancements in the continuous rolling of high-quality strip steels and improvements in welding and inspection technologies have significantly enhanced the quality of welded joints. This has led to a wider range of specifications and greater acceptance in various fields, gradually replacing non-ferrous steel pipes.
Welded steel pipes can be categorized into two main types based on the welding method: straight seam welded pipes and spiral welded pipes. Straight seam welded pipes boast a simpler manufacturing process, higher efficiency, and lower costs, making them a fast-growing choice. On the other hand, spiral welded pipes generally exhibit higher strength than straight seam ones. However, they require longer weld lengths—up to 30-100% more than straight seam pipes—and operate at slower production speeds. As a result, smaller diameter pipes tend to use straight seam welding, while larger diameter pipes often opt for spiral welding.
Low-pressure fluid transportation welded steel pipes (GB/T3091-2008), sometimes called general welded pipes, are commonly referred to as black pipes. These pipes are designed to carry low-pressure fluids like water, gases, oils, and steam. Depending on the wall thickness, they can be classified as standard or thickened pipes. Additionally, they are available in both threaded and smooth-ended versions. Beyond their functional role in fluid conveyance, these pipes are often used as raw materials for galvanized welded steel pipes, which are frequently utilized in similar applications.
Galvanized welded steel pipes for low-pressure fluid transport (GB/T3091-2008), also known as white pipes, undergo a hot-dip galvanization process, either through furnace welding or electric welding. These pipes are primarily used for transporting water, gases, and oils. They come in regular and thickened gauges, with both threaded and smooth ends. Specifications are usually expressed in nominal diameters, which approximate the inner diameter and are commonly given in inches, such as 1/2 inch, 3/4 inch, 1 inch, and so on.
Ordinary carbon steel conduit pipes (YB/T5305-2006) are specifically designed for electrical installations in industrial and residential buildings, as well as machinery setups. These pipes provide protection for electrical wiring, ensuring safety and compliance with building codes.
Straight seam electric welded steel pipes (GB/T13793-2008) feature weld seams running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. They are typically classified into metric electric welded steel pipes and thin-walled electric welded steel pipes, often used in structural applications.
Spiral seam submerged arc welded steel pipes for pressurized fluid transport (SY/T5037-2000) are manufactured using hot-rolled steel strip coils as raw material. These pipes are spiral-formed at warm temperatures and welded using double-sided submerged arc welding. They are ideal for high-pressure fluid transport, including oil and natural gas pipelines. With excellent pressure-bearing capabilities and welding performance, these pipes have been rigorously tested and proven safe and reliable.
Spiral seam high-frequency welded steel pipes for pressurized fluid transport (SY/T5038-2000) utilize hot-rolled steel strip coils as raw material. Formed through warm spiraling, they are welded using high-frequency lap welding. These pipes are widely used in high-pressure fluid transport systems due to their robustness and efficient production.
Spiral-welded steel pipes for piles (SY/T5768-2000) are fabricated using hot-rolled steel strip coils as raw material. They are spiral-formed at warm temperatures and welded using either double-sided submerged arc welding or high-frequency welding. These pipes find application in civil engineering, such as foundation piles for bridges, docks, and other structures. Their high-pressure resistance and flexibility make them a preferred choice for demanding construction projects.